War on Iran has triggered a fundamental crisis of trust in the nuclear non-proliferation treaty

Diplomats convene in New York from 27 April to 22 May for the NPT Review Conference as Iran's experience—including US withdrawal from the 2015 JCPOA, renewed sanctions, cyber operations, targeted killings of at least 14 nuclear scientists during Israel's Operation Rising Lion (13 June 2025), and military strikes on nuclear facilities—has eroded Tehran's trust in the non-proliferation regime. Iranian officials now view IAEA inspections as politically motivated and intelligence-gathering tools, fundamentally undermining the NPT's credibility as an impartial framework for nuclear restraint and security assurances.