Pentagon chief announces review of US forces in Europe, slams NATO allies

What Happened

US Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth announced a review of US troop deployments in Europe lasting up to six months, with consultations with Congress, which has legislated a minimum number of US forces in Europe. Speaking at NATO headquarters in Brussels, Hegseth threatened to withhold some US dues to NATO if 'free riding' allies did not meet their defence spending commitments. He condemned allies who denied the US basing and overflight rights during the war with Iran, saying the review would ensure such rights are assured. NATO’s top commander, US Air Force General Alexus Grynkewich, said the US had decided to shrink the pool of military capabilities available to the alliance in a crisis, aiming to end an 'unhealthy codependence' on US forces. NATO Secretary-General Mark Rutte noted that the reduction of US contributions to NATO’s crisis forces has already taken effect and is 'immediate'. European allies and Canada have increased defence spending by 20% ($90 billion) compared to 2024, but the US reductions, which remain undisclosed, include refueling aircraft, fighter jets, drones, and ships.

Key Actors

Why It Matters

The review signals a potential reduction of the US military footprint in Europe amid growing demands on US forces globally. It pressures NATO allies to accelerate defence spending and assume greater responsibility for European security, with immediate cuts already in effect. The move risks straining alliance solidarity at a time of heightened tensions with Russia, and could embolden adversaries if deterrence is perceived to weaken.

Watch For

The six-month review timeline; congressional consultations on legislated minimum force levels; specific disclosures of capability withdrawals (refuelling, fighters, drones, ships); NATO allies’ further spending commitments and burden-sharing initiatives; and any retaliatory measures or diplomatic pushback at upcoming NATO summits or bilateral meetings.